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| 1978 |
| | Demonstrations take place throughout Iran, demanding Islamic rule under the leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini | |
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| 1979 |
| | An Islamic revolution forces the Shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, to flee from Iran | |
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| 1979 |
| | Ayatollah Khomeini receives a rapturous welcome on his return to Iran to head the Islamic Revolutionary Committee | |
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| 1979 |
| | Communist measures in Afghanistan provoke a Muslim jihad and the murder of more than 100 Russians in Herat | |
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| 1979 |
| | Supporters of Ayatollah Khomeini seize the US embassy in Tehran, taking hostage 66 US citizens | |
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| 1981 |
| | Muslim terrorists assassinate Anwar el-Sadat, in response to his peace agreement with Israel | |
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| 1982 |
| | Christian militiamen massacre Palestinian refugees in the Sabra and Chatila camps in Lebanon | |
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| 1982 |
| | Hezbollah emerges in Lebanon as an Iranian-sponsored resistance movement against the Israeli occupation of the southern part of the country | |
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| 1983 |
| | Government imposition of Islamic law (sharia) triggers renewed civil war in Sudan between the Muslim north and Christian south | |
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| 1987 |
| | An Intifada begins against Israeli occupation of Palestinian land | |
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